AES S-BOX SUBSTITUTION

INPUT: "SECUREMESSAGE16!"
OUTPUT: S-BOX LOOKUP
AES S-BOX LOOKUP TABLE (16×16)
EXAMPLE: LETTER "S"
STEP 1: INPUT VALUE
S DEC = 83 HEX = 0x53
STEP 2: SPLIT HEX DIGITS
0x53
Row = 5, Col = 3
STEP 3: FIND IN S-BOX
Table shows: ED HEX
STEP 4: CONVERT TO DECIMAL
0xED = 237 DEC
(E × 16) + D = 237
(14 × 16) + 13 = 237
HEX → DECIMAL FORMULA
Example with 0x53:
• First digit: 5
• Second digit: 3
• Decimal = (5 × 16) + 3
• Decimal = 80 + 3 = 83