ADD ROUND KEY

Where your secret enters each round

Password
KDF
AES Key
Round Keys
XOR
S-Box

Each byte in the state matrix is XORed with its corresponding round key byte. This is the only step that uses your secret—without it, everything else could be reversed.

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Why This Matters
Without AddRoundKey, AES would just be shuffling data around. The round key is what makes the encryption unique to your secret—and impossible to reverse without it.
Each Round Uses a Different Key
Key₀
Key₁
Key₂
...
Key₁₀